According to John G.Hendy (Curator of the GPO records room), W. H. Smith & Son were first granted the use of precancels on 1st August 1876 to cancel wrappers
That does not tell us when it first came into use though.
and send mail directly to Euston station. According to Curt N. Fernau, W. H. Smith & Son were issued with five obliterators in total.
The first is shown below together with two of the examples I have seen used on W.H.S. wrappers (new style address) to H.M.S. Neptune, Queenstown
(C. Cork, Southern Ireland) and Bantry Bay redirected to Galway.
The first was dated September 1884, the other 14 August ????. Both wrappers were sold by eBay seller Ray_Cobley who has kindly given his permission
to reproduce the top image. I purchased the other one.
The main point in these would seem to be the 'S' in a diamond. The examples I have seen have the outer ring of the Alcock & Holland version with the '71' in diamond
of the Dagnall & Chandler illustration. The '71', though being ostensibly Catford, according to Chandler & Dagnall, was the number
in the P.O. series allocated to the N.P.B. this would then follow '70' used on the precancels of 'The Times' newspapers (1859).
Compare this to the 1886 wrapper (old style address) to H.M.S. Neptune at 'Mediterranean Station' illustrated on StampDomain (3rd cover down) using a 3d embossed and with the usual 'FB' cancellation.
This cancellation appears to be about 1¼" wide by 7/8" high (31.8 x 22.2 mm).
I will refer to it as Type-I, they appear to have been used on newspaper wrappers to Ireland and maybe Scotland.
This is another example of this precancel apparently dated 13 Nov 1875 (which is earlier than the date given by Hendy so I think it must be 1876 ?) with a clear '71' in diamond.
This one is on a wrapper marked W.Mitchell & Co., 39, Charing Cross, London, S.W. (a Publisher) and posted to Londonderry, Ireland (again).
This time the cancellation is complete (perhaps due to the unusual location) of a halfpenny red. This image was found on the
GBPS Discussion Board but John does not remember it
and suggests it may have been an auction lot.
The original picture shows it with a newspaper of the time which looks like it is dated 13th Nov. 1875).
was the newspaper a prop or are they both actually dated 13 Nov 1875 (earlier than the date of issue given by Hendy)?
Under the Act of June 30th 1855 which abolished Newspaper Duty, newspapers and periodicals could pass through the post for 1d under certain conditions.
One of the conditions was that the wrapper should have no writing on it apart from the name and address of the recipient, the printed title of the publication
and printed name and address of either the publisher or vendor sending it.
It is usual to see W. H. Smith & Son on the wrapper as the vendor, but below we see the name and address of W.Mitchell & Co., a publisher although with the W. H. Smith & Son precancel.
Certainly an interesting item, if anyone reading this has more information on it or knows its' current whereabouts, I would really like to know.
My attempt at rendering this, with two possible interpretations.
Another W. Mitchell example, again to Captain Cochrane, but clearly dated 26/5/79 and with an updated letterhead.
The halfpenny is plate 11. Click images for a larger version. These are courtesy of Andrew Chappell.
I am guessing that perhaps W.Mitchell & Co., had the same sort of arrangement with W. H. Smith & Son as
Grindlay & Co., had with Smith, Elder and then H.S.King & Co.
Perhaps W.Mitchell & Co supplied W. H. Smith & Son with their wrappers to deliver their orders.
Yet another W. Mitchell example, again to Captain Cochrane, but dated the following day on 27/5/79.
Click images for a larger version. These are courtesy of Michael Driver.
It seems strange another would be sent the next day, perhaps another item had been subscribed to.
This is perhaps more interesting. The date plugs say 1 October 1870, but the date on the cancel is frustratingly hard to read.
It is difficult to believe that W. H. Smith & Son was using six year old wrappers with the turnover they must have had, even if this is
another case of them using wrappers supplied by another company. Is Hendy really correct with his date of 1st August 1876 ?
Images courtesy of David (huggins3215 on eBay).
On 13th February 1880 the firms of William Dawson & Sons together with W. H. Smith & Son were issued with the obliterators DS over F and SS over F respectively.
They were each done in two sizes, the largest, about an inch (26mm) wide being by far the commonest, with the smaller being only 5/8 inch (16mm) wide. The 'F' is believed to stand for 'Foreign'.
For comparison of sizes, here are two examples of the W. H. Smith & Son precancels on their newspaper wrappers:
Incidentally the embossed stamps generally have 'date plugs' which are helpful
and those of WHS often have 'advertising collars' which identify pieces of stationery.
The collars were first registered at Somerset House on 29/1/62.
Note the date on the fourpenny, 24/11/79 is nearly 3 months before the precancel was issued.
Two wrappers to H.M.S. Neptune are shown above. Grosvenor sale 16 had two more later ones.
This one with 4d stated to be dated 12/5/84 has a normal 'FB' cancellation (courtesy Grosvenor Auctions).
This one with 3d stated to be dated 26/1/86 has a 'Foreign' precancel (courtesy Grosvenor Auctions).
With and without collar dated 22/3/81 courtesy of Cyclamon who sells a lot of postal stationery.
Higher values 14/11/85 and 26/5/88 respectively.
My earliest totally without collar dated 14/6/89
A later one dated 3/5/93. all 3 multiples are to make up 4½d
I will refer to the small one as Type-II, and the large one as Type-III, they were used on 'Foreign' mail.
This is most commonly found on the 2s6d value. I have also seen it on four of the 5s value.
The other two types illustrated by Fernau are shown below, the first with 4-bar sections, the last with 5-bar sections:
4-Bar Type:
Given the nature of the Rastall business, it seems likely that W.H.Smith
& Son were sending
out pre-stamped wrappers on behalf of
Rastall & Son, just as they did for
Eason & Son above.
Lastly a 're-associated' pair from scans provided by Jeff Turnbull.
Giving a range of December 1879 to May 1888
Giving a range of June 1889 to 1894+
This gives an overall minimum range of (about) 20/12/79 to 1894+ but with some big gaps.
W. H. Smith & Son, Type-IV
NONE.
W. H. Smith & Son, Type-V (1891?)
This gives an overall minimum range of (about) April 1894 to October 1904.
There is a lot of information about W.H.S. wrappers at StampDomain.
Last updated 6th. October 2022
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